Ƙaramin ƙararrawa mai ƙararrawa (LNA), mita 9K~1GHz, samun 30dB, siffar hayaniyar (NF) 2dB

Ƙaramin amplifier mai ƙarancin hayaniya muhimmin abu ne a cikin tsarin RF/microwave, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi don ƙara ƙarfin sigina masu rauni yayin rage ƙarin hayaniya. Babban aikinsa da yanayin aikace-aikacensa sune kamar haka:

Ayyukan Ciki:

1. Ƙara sigina
Ƙara girman siginar da eriya ko firikwensin ke karɓa don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki ta hanyar da'irori masu zuwa kamar masu haɗa na'urori da ADCs.
2. Dakatar da hayaniya
Ta hanyar inganta ƙira da amfani da kayan ƙarancin hayaniya, ana sarrafa siffar hayaniyar da aka gabatar da kanta (NF) a cikin kewayon 0.5-3dB (mafi kyawun amplifier NF = 0dB).

Yanayin Aikace-aikace:

1. Tsarin radar
A cikin radar soja (kamar radar sarrafa kashe gobara ta iska) da radar farar hula (kamar radar raƙuman milimita na mota), ana amfani da LNA don ƙara girman siginar amsawa mai rauni (rabon sigina zuwa hayaniya SNR < 0dB) wanda aka nuna ta hanyar da aka nufa. Lokacin da aka ratsa ta hanyar haɗin ƙarawa tare da NF < 2dB, radar na iya gane abubuwan da aka nufa tare da RCS mafi nisa ko ƙasa (sashen giciye na radar).
2. Tsarin sadarwa mara waya
Ƙaramin amplifier mai ƙarancin hayaniya shine babban ɓangaren tashoshin tushe na 5G/6G, sadarwar tauraron ɗan adam, da hanyoyin karɓar tashoshin wayar hannu. Yana da alhakin ƙara ƙaramin amo (NF < 1.5dB) na siginar RF masu rauni (ƙasa da -120dBm) da eriya ta kama kafin a lalata sigina, wanda hakan ke inganta yanayin karɓar tsarin sosai. Misali, a cikin mitoci na mitoci na raƙuman millimeter (24 - 100GHz), LNA na iya rama har zuwa 20dB na asarar hanya, yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na watsa bayanai mai sauri.
3. Kayan aikin gwaji mai inganci
A cikin na'urori kamar masu nazarin bakan da masu nazarin hanyar sadarwa ta vector (VNA), LNA tana tantance aikin hayaniyar kayan aiki kai tsaye da kewayon motsi. LNA na iya inganta ƙwarewar kayan aiki ta hanyar ƙara siginar da aka auna matakin nV zuwa ga ingantaccen kewayon ƙididdigewa na ADC (kamar 1Vpp). A halin yanzu, ƙimar amo mai ƙarancin ƙarfi (NF < 3dB) na iya rage rashin tabbas na ma'auni yadda ya kamata da kuma rage kurakuran aunawa.
4. Faɗaɗa yankunan aikace-aikace
Tauraron taurari na rediyo: Na'urar hangen nesa ta FAST ta dogara ne akan LNA mai sanyaya helium (NF ≈ 0.1dB) don kama layukan spectral na 21cm a sararin samaniya.
Kwamfutar Kwamfuta: Ƙara siginar matakin μV (4 - 8GHz) na qubits masu sarrafa ƙarfi yana buƙatar aikin hayaniyar kusa da iyakar kwantum.
Hoton likita: Na'urorin MRI suna haɓaka siginar maganadisu ta nukiliya matakin μV ta hanyar LNA mara maganadisu, tare da haɓaka rabon sigina zuwa hayaniya fiye da 10dB.

Kamfanin Qualwave Inc. yana samar da na'urori masu ƙaran sauti waɗanda ke da ƙarancin sauti tun daga 9kHz zuwa 260GHz, tare da ƙaramin adadin amo kamar 0.8dB.
Tsarin QLA-9K-1000-30-20, wanda aka tsara musamman don binciken kimiyya da aikace-aikacen sadarwa, ya cimma daidaiton aiki mai kyau na karuwar 30dB da kuma adadin hayaniyar 2dB a cikin mitar mita 9kHz ~ 1GHz.